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Main conclusion Synechocystis (a cyanobacterium) was employed as an alternative host for the production of plant essential oil constituents. β-Phellandrene synthase (PHLS) genes from different plants, when expressed in Synechocystis, enabled synthesis of variable monoterpene hydrocarbon blends, converting Synechocystis into a cell factory that photosynthesized and released useful products.Monoterpene...
Main conclusion The application of jasmonic acid results in an increased secondary growth, as well as additional secondary phloem fibres and higher lignin content in the hypocotyl of textile hemp (Cannabis sativa L.).Secondary growth provides most of the wood in lignocellulosic biomass. Textile hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is cultivated for its phloem fibres, whose secondary cell wall is rich in crystalline...
Main conclusion Silencing of miR156 in rice confers enhanced resistance to brown planthopper through reducing JA and JA-Ile biosynthesis.Rice brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens Stål) threatens the sustainability of rice production and global food security. Due to the rapid adaptation of BPH to current germplasms in rice, development of novel types of resistant germplasms becomes increasingly...
Main conclusion Sugar-related metabolic biological processes and metabolic pathways as well as invertase, protease, and ribosomal proteins may be critical regulators controlling the circadian rhythm and ephemeral properties of daylily flowers.Daylily is a familiar perennial flower. The daylily flower opens at dawn and withers away at night. Flower longevity in almost all daylily varieties from opening...
Main conclusion Bud-break assays under forced growth conditions suggest that a drop in ABA content and an increase in sugars are common features in the sprouting of paradormant (PD) and endodormant (ED) grapevine buds. However, increases in cell division and in respiration are unique characteristics of the ED budding.In tropical and subtropical regions where the variations in day length and temperatures...
Main conclusion In the current study, we showed that exogenous GABA supplementation increases the endogenous GABA level, several amino acids, and phytohormones in citrus plants, suggesting that GABA works in harmony with phytohormones. Abstract Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a key role in cytosolic regulation of pH, controlling of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and protection against biotic...
Main conclusion Gene expression and functional analysis of the tomato IQD gene SUN24 revealed that it regulates seed germination through ABA signaling pathway.Ca2+ signaling plays crucial roles in diverse biological processes including ABA-mediated seed germination. The plant-specific IQ67-Domain (IQD) proteins are hypothesized to regulate Ca2+ signaling and plant development through interactions...
Main conclusion An SPL-type transcription factor, LeSPL-CNR, is negatively involved in NO production by modulating SlNR expression and nitrate reductase activity, which contributes to Cd tolerance.Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic pollutant. Identifying factors affecting Cd accumulation in plants is a prerequisite for minimizing dietary uptake of Cd from crops grown with contaminated soil. Here, we report...
Main conclusion Moringa oleifera TPSs were genome-wide identified for the first time, and a phylogenetic analysis was performed to investigate evolutionary divergence. The qRT-PCR data show that MoTPS genes response to different stress treatments.The trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) family is involved in a wide range of stress-resistance processes in plants. Its direct product, trehalose-6-phosphate,...
Main conclusion Attenuation in the activity of the negative regulators or the hyperactivity of plant innate immune receptors often causes ectopic defense activation manifested in severe growth retardation and spontaneous lesion formations, referred to as autoimmunity. In this review, we have described the cellular and molecular basis of the development of autoimmune responses for their useful applications...
Main conclusions ALDH7B4 expression contributes to abiotic stress tolerance. The NAC transcription factor ATAF1 is a main regulator of expression of the ALDH7B4 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana as shown by ATAF1 mutants.The aldehyde dehydrogenase 7B4 (ALDH7B4) protein has important roles in detoxification of excessive aldehydes, elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibition of lipid peroxidation...
Main conclusion This review summarizes current knowledge of chromosome characterization, genetic mapping, genomic sequencing, quality formation, floral transition, propagation, and identification in Dendrobium.The widely distributed Dendrobium has been studied for a long history, due to its important economic values in both medicine and ornamental. In recent years, some species of Dendrobium and other...
Main conclusion Metabolite profiling, biochemical assays, and transcript analysis revealed differential modulation of specific induced defense responses in local, older, and younger systemic leaves in Solanum lycopersicum upon Spodoptera litura herbivory.Plants reconfigure their metabolome upon herbivory to induce production of defense metabolites involved in both direct and indirect defenses against...
Main conclusion Although the PAO/phyllobilin pathway of chlorophyll breakdown is active in grass leaf senescence, the abundance of phyllobilins is far below the amount of degraded chlorophyll. Abstract The yellowing of fully developed leaves is the most prominent visual symptom of plant senescence. Thereby, chlorophyll is degraded via the so-called pheophorbide a oxygenase (PAO)/phyllobilin pathway...
Main conclusion Freezing resistance strategies vary in Arabidopsis depending on origin. Southern accessions may avoid or tolerate freezing, while northern ones are always tolerant and reduce the proportion of freezable tissue water during acclimation.Survival of sub-zero temperatures can be achieved by either avoiding or tolerating extracellular ice formation. Conflicting evidence has been presented...
Main conclusion Blocking α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase results in up-regulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt activity, and inhibits the growth of poplar adventitious roots (ARs), indicating that AR growth is closely associated with GABA shunt. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt starts from α-ketoglutarate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which is thought to represent the cross road between carbon...
Main conclusions A high-throughput method combining liquid handling system and 96-well microplate pipetting format was developed for total sugar determination. With this new method, we characterized diverse sugar accumulation in sorghum varieties.Sweet sorghum accumulates large amounts of sucrose in its stalk and, therefore, has emerged as one important bioenergy crop. The commonly used sugar measurement,...
Main conclusion Both G units and S units deposited in the whole lignification process of xylem fiber.The topochemical variations in newly formed xylem and phloem of Populus × euramericana were investigated by combined microscopic techniques. During xylem formation, earlier cell wall deposition in vessel and afterwards in the neighboring fiber was observed in situ. Raman images in xylem fiber emphasized...
Main conclusion Under high water availability, the maximum gas exchange was observed at noon in the expanding and expanded leaves. The expanded leaves showed lower gas exchange capacity due to the regulation of stomatal-movement genes.Under well-watered condition, stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthetic rate (A) of expanding and expanded leaves of Atriplex halimus peaked at noon despite the midday...
Main conclusion RTM-GWAS identified 111 DT QTLs, 262 alleles with high proportion of QEI and genetic variation accounting for 88.55–95.92% PV in NAM, from which QTL–allele matrices were established and candidate genes annotated.Drought tolerance (DT) is one of the major challenges for world soybean production. A nested association mapping (NAM) population with 403 lines comprising two recombinant...
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